Multimedia TIAV System

I. INTRODUCTION

Interaction of visual and audio information under the control of interactive software using the latest hardware and software integrates and contains both texts, graphics, audio and video information in the digital domain, in one container object.

The possibility of presenting information flows across multiple information environments - interfaces that provide I / O data of different types of computer, creation, processing and display of information at different levels and structures for the perception of the various organs of the human senses are realized by means of multimedia systems[1,2,3].

Multimedia systems are a necessary part of the process of using information resources of society, and the pace of their development is determined to a large extent the rate of accumulation of professional knowledge.

Acceleration of the dynamics of processes in all spheres of human activity, the complexity of industrial production, social, economic and political life naturally led, on the one hand, a rapid increase in demand for information knowledge, and on the other - to the creation of new tools and technologies to meet these needs. Intensive development of scientific and technological progress and the emergence of modern computer and telecommunication technologies and equipment, capable of storing, processing and provide various types of discrete-continuous media, the emergence and development of multimedia systems and related methodological innovations radically changed the approach to the implementation of educational activities, to intensify the process training at all levels of education.

Scope of multimedia information systems expands with each passing day. Today, they cover a wide range of applications including classrooms, conference rooms, comprehensive monitoring systems, situational centers and control centers, etc. Development of multimedia systems is characterized by the increasing complexity of their architecture. All processes in multimedia systems are discrete-continuous, as a result, there is a need to develop models of efficient algorithms, software package such automated multimedia systems, which would include the development of online designers, create multimedia courseware, training multikontentov that based on the use of discrete-continuous object class TIAV.

Multimedia product an interactive computer engineering, in which may include music, videos, animations, galleries of pictures and slides, various databases, and etc. The material includes a media product can be provided with drawings, audio, video, text. This is fundamentally different types of information to work with that has its own software environment with the appropriate tools. Business prestige of any company or firm will contribute great electronic business card CD-Card: e-card has a huge storage capacities and presentation of information: text, graphics, sound, video, animation, and many other things that used to fit on a business card were impossible. The functionality of the e-cards is more varied: you can use it not only for representational purposes, but also as a promotional disc, a presentation or a gift. CD-Card-card will provide information more clearly and vividly, and is represented in the form:

Multimedia systems are a set of information environments - channels, each of which has its own specific form appropriate to its level and purpose.

The main environmental sorted by ascending levels are as follows:

The use of multimedia systems provides human lightness perception information as the person has significantly different from the computer means and information processing means having a shape perception convenient for humans [4, 5].

If your computer is characterized by discrete binary-form information with electric transmission of information signals (1/0), then the person – multi modal- analog form primarily non-electrical nature (light, sound, pressure, etc.).

Without the creation of such media perception of computer information man is extremely difficult, and even more difficult to transfer multimodal information from one person to another via computer tools.

Therefore, technology and multimedia equipment includes a wide range of different interfaces as input interfaces (sensors - camcorder microphone, touch screen, etc., Converters - ADC, special processors for converting external information) and output interfaces (displays, sound sources and so forth.).

Multimedia systems may be divided into linear (without feedback) and an interactive environment. Analogue of the linear method of presentation can be a movie. The person viewing the document can in no way affect its output. Interactive (nonlinear) mode allows a person presenting information, programs, and networks involved in displaying information interacting in any way with the means of displaying the multimedia data. Participation in this process two or more parties called “interactivity”. This way of human-computer interaction to the fullest extent presents in the categories of computer games. Interactive way of presenting multimedia data is sometimes called “hypermedia”.

As an example of linear and interactive way to present information, we can consider a situation like holding a presentation. If the presentation was recorded on film or video, and shows the audience, then browsing this presentation are not able to influence its course. In the case of the live presentation, the audience has the opportunity to ask questions Reporter and interact with other manner that allows Reporter deviate from the topic presentation, for example, explaining some of the terms or more elaborate, the controversial part of the report. Thus, live presentation can be presented as an interactive (nonlinear) way of presenting information [1].

Different formats of multimedia data may be used to simplify the perception of information to consumers. For example, to provide information not only in text form, but also illustrate its audio data or video. In the same way modern art can present everyday, ordinary things in a new way.

Various forms of information make it possible to interactive user interaction with information. Online media is increasingly becoming an object-oriented, allowing the user to work on the information without having specific knowledge. Multimedia resource - is an information resource for the basic information presented in the form of multimedia. This modern and extremely convenient mechanism, which does not replace the performance of classical functions, complements and extends the range of services and news for visitors.

For multimedia Internet resources characterized by the following:

Resource of this type makes it possible to quickly report events that are organized, demonstrate panoramic view of the sphere, institution or creative team, seeking feedback from its visitors, to disclose the purpose and materials using modern mechanisms for providing information and facilitate recognition of the object represented by the Internet.

Multimedia systems find their application in various fields, including advertising, arts, entertainment, technology, medicine, mathematics, business, education, research and space-time applications, and other information processes involving humans. Multimedia systems are beginning to be used to develop identification systems in various fields: banking, retail, security, medical, research.

In the technical field of software developers can use multimedia systems in computer simulations of anything: from entertainment to education, such as military or industrial training. Multimedia for software interfaces are often created as collaboration between creative professionals and software developers. To create more user-friendly software eliminates the barrier between the user and the program.

In the industrial sector, multimedia systems are used as a way to present the information to the shareholders, management and colleagues. The multimedia system is also useful in the training of personnel, advertising and product sales worldwide by virtually unlimited web-based technologies.

In geology, archeology, and others, areas of multimedia systems using elements of computer graphics and imaging technology to discover new mineral deposits, explore the internal state of technical objects, inaccessible by other means.

In the production, especially in the mechanical and automotive industries, multimedia systems, primarily used in the design phase, this allows, for example, a product engineer to consider different perspectives, and make other manipulations, before proceeding to production.

In mathematical and scientific research multimedia systems can be used for modeling and simulation of various processes that are costly or unavailable in vivo, such as research related to molecular physics: the creation of a molecular model of a substance, manipulation of one or another substance to receive another substance.

In medicine, using multimedia systems, combined with tomographic technology provides effective study of the human body, its organs; doctors can prepare for operations, maintain patronage, and prescribe treatment using virtual operations or simulations of the human body, the affected disease, common viruses and bacteria, thus trying to develop techniques to prevent it [1].

In art, the most striking examples of the use of multimedia systems are special effects in film, computer animation, three-dimensional graphics, the use of electronic media collages in museums and others.

In education, multimedia systems are used to create computer-based training courses and reference books, such as encyclopedias and collections. Multimedia courses allow the user to go through a series of presentations, case texts and associated illustrations in various formats of information. Learning theory in the last decade has been greatly developed in connection with the advent of multimedia systems [3]. There are highlighted several areas of research, such as the theory of cognitive load, multimedia training and others. Opportunities for training and education are almost endless. The idea of media convergence is also becoming one of the most important factors in education, especially in higher education. Defined as separate technologies such as voice (and telephony features), database (and derivative applications), video technology, which now share resources and interact with each other, creating a new operational complex, media convergence - is rapidly changing curriculum subjects taught in universities around the world. Newspaper companies are also trying to reach a new phenomenon by introducing it into their work practices.

II. STATEMEMT OF A PROBLEM

Multimedia systems are a necessary part of the process of using information resources of society, and the pace of their development is determined to a large extent the rate of accumulation of professional knowledge.

Acceleration of the dynamics of processes in all spheres of human activity, the complexity of industrial production, social, economic and political life naturally led, on the one hand, a rapid increase in demand for information knowledge, and on the other - to the creation of new tools and technologies to meet these needs. Intensive development of scientific and technological progress and the emergence of modern computer and telecommunication technologies and equipment, capable of storing, processing, and provide various types of discrete-continuous media, the emergence and development of multimedia systems and related methodological innovations radically changed the approach to the implementation of educational activities, to intensify the process of preparation professionals at all levels of the education system. Scope of multimedia information systems expands with each passing day. Today, they cover a wide range of applications including classrooms, conference rooms, comprehensive monitoring systems, situational centers and control centers, etc. Development of multimedia systems is characterized by the increasing complexity of their architecture. All processes in multimedia systems are discrete-continuous, as a result, there is a need to develop models of efficient algorithms, software package such automated multimedia systems, which would include online designers design and create multimedia courseware, training multi contents that based on the use of discrete-continuous object class TIAV [5].

III. THE CONCEPT OF THE PROBLEM DECISION

TIAV- multimedia system - a class of objects consisting of textual, illustrative, video and audio information streams form the basis for the development of multimedia content.

By designing TIAV- multimedia system must meet the following basic requirements: a rational and comprehensive utilization of raw TIAV facilities; ensuring high productivity, achieved the intensification of the process media, the use of high technology, integrated automation control and management of multimedia process; development and use of the necessary software; finding the most economical solutions organization TIAV-entertainment system through the rational use TIAV objects.

The algorithm for choosing the preferred structure TIAV-multimedia system is described, formalization of objectives and principles of modeling TIAV- multimedia system is identified, and algorithm for estimating the parameters of a priority and modeling, statistical tests investigated a method to modeling the multimedia system. In the first phase of the experiment the construction of a conceptual model of a multimedia object (process) its formalization - formulated model built its formal scheme, i.e., the transition from meaningful description of the object to its mathematical model, in other words, the process of formalization.

Mathematical model TIAV- multimedia system is the set of variables u, v, q, x, y, w with the functioning of the law in the form of:

where q- own system parameters, T - time of the simulation, t - current time, u^(t)– - represents the realization of the process u(t) on the interval [0, t], similar to the designated output characteristic y, characteristic of a condition System x and external influence v, w - characteristics of the system (object).

It should be noted that the time t can be considered as a continuous variable, which is the initial time simulation t = t₀ = 0, where t₀ ∈ T, and t ∈ (t₀, T) and t₀ < t ∈ T and as a discrete t = iD, i = 0,1,…, M, M = [T/D], where D is the discretization step. At the same time, we have a discrete-continuous mathematical model. If a mathematical model contains random moments, we have determined model, otherwise stochastic. In the same way, there are four classes of mathematical models: continuous-deterministic models, discrete-deterministic models, discrete-stochastic (probabilistic) model of continuous-stochastic model. The first phase of the computer (machine) simulation - this is the stage of construction of the conceptual model, which involves the formalization of the model, i.e., transition from meaningful description of the object of study to its mathematical model.

In the figure 2 there is a flowchart for selection of preferred structure TIAV multimedia system. Processes TIAV multivariate systems differ in content and sequence of multimedia operations, and composition of technical means to carry out processing.

When designing TIAV multimedia system it is important to determine the structure of the media process, ordered set of multimedia transitions ${\phi }_j={\phi }_j^1,{\phi }_j^2,\dots , {\phi }_j^k$, whose impact on the set {ai} leads to the formation of multimedia container A: ${\phi }_j: \left\{a_i\right\}\to A, \forall {\phi }_jϵФ$, subject to technical and economic requirements (F-variety of multimedia schemes, satisfy the necessary conditions TIAV processing facilities and production of multimedia content). Typically, the preferred choice of production and technological structure TIAV-multimedia system includes the definition of such schemes and a set of multimedia technologies for implementing them. Implementations that would be paid in the objective extremum of function Ep Sn, as well as the duration of treatment (Zp- the desired effect at the lowest cost to the processing of information resources; Ep-maximum effect by using the given resources).

If the main indicator of the effectiveness of the process is the selection the length of the multimedia processing TIAV facilities, the optimization problem can be formulated as follows:

with restrictions on performance P_min <P <P_max, cost technologies Smin <S <Smax occupied by volume hosting Hmin ≪ H <Hmah, reliability of Qmin <Q <Qmax where F(φ_j)- the function assigning the processing TIAV facilities; $f\left({\phi }_j^i\right)$ - function determines the time of each media operations; i- number of media transitions; j - number of multimedia schemes.

Property flexibility multimedia system is its ability to quickly enough to rebuild their structure to perform a new task in a certain class, taking into account the nature and quality of the original TIAV objects.

We denote by K={z_i,i=1,1} class multimedia tasks that can effectively perform TIAV-entertainment system. The multimedia task zj class K is characterized by the quality and quantity TIAV container property starting TIAV objects T_i, many possible schemes Mjl multimedia processing properties of objects TIAV amount (volume) of processed objects TIAV Nij specified property, which is required for processing a specific planning period:

To estimate the performance of multimedia tasks zi given TIAV multimedia system, we introduce the factor

Minimization in the formula 1 is carried out by all sorts of options for multimedia partition N__ij schemes in compliance with the conditions

and the minimization of (2) -on all sorts of options to streamline the task properties T_i and z_i‥ There τ_wjl - the processing properties of the objects TIAV T_i of l-th multi-media network; τ_njl- Organizational downtime of key technologies in the processing of objects TIAV T_i properties of l-th technological scheme. We denote by △_i1i2 duration organizational downtime of key technologies in the transition from a mission assignment (z_i1, z_i2). Then the coefficient of efficiency of an ordered pair of tasks (zi1, zi2) will be equal to

The effectiveness of the system TIAV class K described by the matrix $H=\Vert {\eta }_{i1i2}{\Vert }_{I\times I}$ diagonal elements coincide with r_i.

When using simulation multimedia system are the following main stages (Fig. 6) study developed system: setting boundaries, limitations and gauges the effectiveness of multimedia system to be studied; the formulation of the model - the transition from the real system to a certain logic (abstraction); preparation of input data - select the preferred implementation (informative) ended the data needed to build the model, and present them in an appropriate form; Broadcast models - provide a description of the model; assessment of the adequacy of the model - checking and improving the level of confidence with which we can judge the accuracy of the findings of the actual system obtained at the request of the model; design of experiments, which should give required information and the definition of the method for each series of tests under the plan of the experiment; Experimentation - simulation in order to obtain the desired data; Interpretation - draw conclusions from the data obtained by simulation; implementation - practical use of the model and the simulation results.

The modern development of the information society, advancing the information flow of the material is aimed at removing bottlenecks in a multimedia course. Leading information flow in the opposite direction contains, as a rule, the initial information; outpacing the information flow in the forward direction - these are preliminary reports of the upcoming multimedia process [3].

Accompanying when simultaneously with the material flow is information about the quantity and quality of material flow allows you to quickly and correctly identify the material values and send them to their destination.

In today’s digital world there are many different ways of presenting multimedia information. Of course, in order to convert analog information into digital form, special programs are needed, create a file (it will be called a container), which contains all the text, graphics, audio and video the information.

Trainer basic file serving to preserve digitally converted analog data (i.e., what people see and hear in real life). Typically, such a stored text, graphics, audio and video information occupies a large volume, so it is compressed using a variety of audio and video codec. All utilities for working with these files installed with the operating system.

The Code abbreviation for Coder / Decoder - program allows you to convert the recorded information so that it takes up less space. In this case, the file extension can’t be changed, i.e., the basic structure of the container does not change, change the representation of text, graphics, audio and video, but to play the file, “encrypted” with any codec, it is necessary for it to be installed on the user’s computer [1]. Container TIAV (text, image, audio, video), Figure3 - a project aimed at creating an open flexible cross-platform (including hardware platform) standard of multimedia container formats and a set of tools and libraries for working with data in this format. This project is a development project MCF, but differs significantly in that based on EBML (Extensible Binary Meta Language - Extensible Binary Meta language) - binary counterparts language XML. Using EBML allows you to expand the format without losing compatibility with older programs.

IV. REALIZATION OF THE CONCEPT

TIAV is not the format in the truest sense of the word. A container, a kind of packaging, can wrap text, image, video and audio content. Container TIAV designed with all modern features and is aimed at future trends in the field of play. It is built on the principle of EBML, which is analogous to XML only for binary data. Scope TIAV is very versatile. In the package can be consist the big volume audio, video sequences, subtitles, chapters, posters, fonts, descriptions, comments, photo albums and more. This container is compatible with all modern requirements video container

Possible formats that are run inside TIAV: broadcast over the Internet (HTTP and RTP); fast file; robustness; screen menus (both on DVD); splitting a file into chapters (Chapters); toggle subtitles on the fly; switchable audio tracks; modular expandability;

It should be noted that the draft text / image / audio / video content does not include a video compression formats and codecs (such as MP3 or JPEG). This pack may contain a large number of streams text, image, audio, video, allowing a user to store a single file and view the information using resource TIAV multimedia system.

TIAV container is an open project (open standard). This means that for personal use it is absolutely free, and the technical specification of the format of the bit stream is available to anyone, even to companies wishing to build support into their format. The source code of all libraries created by a group of developers of the project TIAV distributed under the LGPL (Library to play, written in C using integer arithmetic, also distributed under the terms of the license BSD) [1, 2].

In TIAV there is support for the adaptation and implementation of libraries for TIAV Open Be OS MEDIAKIT and GSTREAMER (Eng.) (Multimedia environment running GNU / Linux, similar to Microsoft Direct Show for Windows) and a set of DirectShow filters for playback and creation of files in Windows TIAV by TIAV system [1].

Analysis of the quality management multimedia media educational process shows that all solved with the practical problems are multicriteria, ie to select the best alternative to the weighting of all reasonable alternatives, a quality criterion for adequate assessment of their comparison is not enough. At the same time, unfortunately, for the problem of multi-criteria comparison of alternatives are virtually no effective methods of choice. The main difficulty of solving this problem lies in the fact that the results of the choice of the most efficient alternative based on certain criteria do not match. In addition, among the various selection criteria is usually observed contradiction associated with opposite changes their values at the same changes in the control parameters. In this connection, for determining the quality and effectiveness of media educational process is necessary in the formation of a heuristic selection technique, which allows to circumvent these difficulties.

Analysis of the various factors affecting the quality of the container TIAV, showed that the main of them are: providing a container TIAV certain components: media text, images, graphics, audio, video (animation), or if you need a simulation model.

Thus, the rate of assessment quality assurance (K) container TIAV in general terms can be defined according to the following expression:

where M_T, M_i, M_a,v,, M_an,im- key factors to ensure the quality of the container, respectively media - (text, image is a graphic; AV; animation- simulation model).

An analytical representation of this index can be obtained, for example, on the basis of statistical data by regression analysis. In this case, it will have the following form:

where a_i, i = 1,n-linear regression coefficients determined by statistical processing; a₀- free term, taking into account other factors that affect the provision of quality container.

However, the construction of such a regression model is difficult because of the difficulty of obtaining necessary for this statistic, because the impact of these factors on the quality of the container TIAV is mostly subjective.

Therefore, to assess the level of quality assurance (K *) multimedia process in high school, you can use the following heuristic expression:

where К*- Means a quantitative expression of the factor K; b_j - boost factor j-th factor to ensure the quality of the container TIAV, defined by experts.

Thus, to assess the level of quality container TIAV all included in the model of the factors necessary to present a quantitative manner. Use one of the methods to quantify these factors with the following corresponding coefficients. Presentation of information in visual form (images, animation, video), as well as symbolic (text, charts, tables, diagrams) in a container TIAV help to better understand the material provided, according to the respondents, the choice of the most effective, successful perceived multimedia products (media texts, audio, video, animation), the representation of media information in the form of a media text were equally, more than 2/3 of the respondents appreciated the use of images in the feed of media course, highlighted the value and ease of perception media content saturated videos; animations, audio accompaniment. By analyzing the diagram it can be concluded that it is advisable to use the design of media courses, media text, image, video and animation based on two criteria, first the full perception of the information, and secondly, in accordance with the costs for their production, based on the chart data it can be seen that the level of the full perception of the new media course saturated already using video and animation, using the same simulation models is costly, but ineffective, as is clearly happening glut of supply of new material of media course, so it is advisable to take into account the point of optimum use in the construction of container media material of TIAV [1,2].

III. CONCLUSION

The main advantages of container TIAV include:

Scope of multimedia information systems expands with each passing day. Today, they cover a wide range of applications including classrooms, conference rooms, comprehensive monitoring systems, situational centers and control centers, etc. Development of multimedia systems is characterized by the increasing complexity of their architecture. All processes in multimedia systems are discrete-continuous, as a result, there is a need to develop models of efficient algorithms, software package such automated multimedia systems, which would include the development of online designers, create multimedia courseware, training multi contents that based on the use of discrete-continuous object class TIAV [1, 5].